Chemistry

What is cholesterol and how dose it affect future?

the article I investigated was about the colesterol. this fatty substance found in the blood of humans that is in the outter inning of cells can be either good for humans of very very bad.the cholesterol is first absorbed and then it sticks to your blood.the bad cholesterol is called LDL-low-density lipoprotein this cholesterol leave a coat of hard substance called cholesterol plaque . this plaque is very dangerous becuase it can cause atherosclerosis and arteries can get bloqued.Very offten the LDL receptors in the liver helps remove LDL cholesterol in the blood. we can get this by a diet or hereditary. on the other side we have the good cholesterol which are called HDL-high-density lipoprotein and they extract instead of putting on cholesterol in the artery walls . this cholesterol is extracted and then it goes to the liver and atherosclerosis dosen't happen.HDH cholesterol levels are lower in people that or eat alot of sweets.

http://www.silviamar.com/Documents/cholesterol.htm
Elena Arrea

Not only is chemistry a huge part of us but chemistry can also be used to make things we need in everyday life. An example of this soap. We all know the we havent taken a good shower until we have washed our bodies with soap. Soap doesnt make itself and it isnt made by magic. They are made of sodium or potassium salts that have high fatty acid levels. These soaps are split in to two categories, the soft soaps which are made by potassium and the hard soaps which are made with sodium. Soaps can be obtained by many oils and several types of fats. Some examples of these are: lard (pig fat) and coconut oil.

http://www.tutorvista.com/content/chemistry/chemistry-iv/chemistr
y-in-life/chemistry-in-lifeindex.php

How soap cleans?

In our life we need al kind of soap like toilet soap; face soap; bath soap and others; all these ones have the same function for different parts of our body that is to clean us the oil. There are substances which can be dissolved in water, and others that can't (for example oil). Water and oil don't mix together, so if we try to clean an oily stain from a cloth or from the skin, water is not enough and in that case we use soap.
Soap is form by a head (hydrophilic) and a long chain (hydrophobic). When soap is added to the water, the heads of its molecules stay into the water because they like it, while the long chains join the oil particles and remain inwards (escaping from the water). In that way, they form circular groups named micellas, with the oily material absorbed inside and trapped.
An emulsion of oil in water is then formed, this means that the oil particles dispersed into the water. Thus, those oil particles are liberated from the cloth or the skin, and the emulsion is taken away with the rinsing.
In conclusion soap allows oil and water to mix so that oily grime can be removed. There are more things involved in this process, such as for instance changes in the superficial tension of water, but this is the general idea.

BIBLIOGRAFY
? http://www.squidoo.com/ChemistryOfDailyLife

Why do onions make you cry?

Inside the onion cells there are some chemical compounds that contain sulfur. When you cut an onion its cells are broken and those chemical compounds then released into the air. These sulfured compounds react in your eyes forming sulfuric acid, which produces a burning sensation. The nerves in your eyes are very sensitive and so they pick up on this irritation. The brain reacts by telling your tear ducts to produce more water, to dilute the irritating acid. So you cry to keep your eyes protected from the acid.
Bibliography:
? http://www.squidoo.com/ChemistryOfDailyLife

Isabella Villá Sánchez

sorry about the other one I didnt notice that have been already done because i has no title...

Why smoking is harmful?

This article talks about the effects of smoking in our body and why it causes cancer. Each time a person smoke the nicotine of the cigar will be absorb by the skin meanwhile it passes through your mouth and nose, and also it will be inhaled by your lungs. So once in the organism, it increases the level of the neurotransmitter dopamine (a chemical in charge for feelings of pleasure) in the brain. Since the effect doesn?t last too long the person will be constantly smoking.
Given that tobacco contains more than 4,000 individual substances and your body isn?t capably of that amount of substance in one shot, it causes cancer. And one harmful effect of tobacco is that it?s addictive, that?s why people have trouble quitting it.

http://www.silviamar.com/Documents/smoking.htm
Laura Herrera

What about the table salt?

NaCl: This is the nomenclature for the salt... It's interesting to find that the normal salt has an amount of Sodium, but according to the links, sodium has a violent reaction with water, and saliva it's water, so why it does not react inside our mouth?
http://wiki.answers.com/Q/Sodium_chloride_reaction_with_water

But what happens in the case of "Pure Sodium" ? How does it react with water?
http://www2.uni-siegen.de/~pci/versuche/english/v44-1-1.html

Well the bonding it's so explosive that even sets fire!!

It seems that NaCl bonds with the oxygen and hydrogen and the reaction ends to be not "explosive" and that's why it doesn't reacts with the saliva of our mouths. And it's is interesting how such a normal and regular thing goes from dangerous-to-really helpful in the kitchen!! And gives a good taste to things instead of a pain in our heads or maybe an explosion that will literally "LOOSE OUR HEAD"

Andrés Alpízar!!! 10-B

Vegetables and Colours

Colors are created when white light from the sun hits an object. An object acquires its color depending on the amount of light that it reflects. The fruits and vegetables we eat everyday have a compound called carotenoids which absorb and reflect different wavelengths of light, giving them their particular color. This is made possible by the sequence of carbon bonds within the carotenoids. ?The bigger the number of bonds joined together, the bigger the wavelength and the more colorful the vegetable.? These compounds can be created by the plant that engenders the vegetables to protect itself from air oxidation. Chemicals found in vegetables can bring many benefits to the human body. For example, the chemicals found in carrots can help us have good vision and healthy skin.

http://www.squidoo.com/ChemistryOfDailyLife
Gabriela Cerboncini 10A

This article speaks about the toxics that the Food and Drug Administration found on the electronic cigarettes and how they can actually do more harm that what they help. In a study by the FDA it was found substances that can produce cancer. By testing the two more popular brands, they found out that they contained dietilen glycol and etilen glycol which are normaly used in automovils to keep the gasoline and oil from freezing. This two substances can affect the central nervous system, the heart and kidneys. The dose of them found in it were less that 2 per cent but they are still dangerous if consumed constantly.

Jose Pablo Moreira
http://www.nacion.com/ln_ee/2009/julio/28/aldea2039913.html

Vegetables and colors

This article talks about how the vegetables have colors. It says that the color is due to the light it reflects from the sun, which comes in wavelengths, and some of the wavelengths are absorbed and others are reflected. Like the red objects they reflect red light. It tells that the vegetables have a chemical compound called carotenoids which have an area called chromospheres that absorbs the wavelegthns of light so the different color is shown. Then it talks about why the tomatoes are red and the carrots are orange. It also tells about the pigment chlorophyll is why the plants are green and it also explains that chlorophyll masks the colors in vegetables and when its amount decreases the rest of the colors appear that?s why tomatoes are green at first.

Ivanna Gordienko 10B
http://www.squidoo.com/ChemistryOfDailyLife

Why is the sky blue?

One of those questions of color that we wonder when we perceive such beautiful combination of tones such as the sky, but never receive an answer. How the article explains, there is a phenomena called Rayleigh scattering that takes place as the white light from the sun passes through the atmosphere which contains gas particles. By the phenomena, the light scatters by the gases much smaller than its wavelength. Each sunlight wavelength has a different effect on the gas particles but the effect is stronger with short wavelengths which are the blue end of the visible spectrum. By this we see all the sky blue since the blue light widens in every direction. As for the red color which creates the sunset tones it scatters much less so is only visible in certain directions.

http://www.squidoo.com/ChemistryOfDailyLife

Chemistry in daily life

Chemistry is not only a subject that we can study in the school, it is more than that.
Many people in this world can ask the same question, why is chemistry important in my life? , the answer could be, because it is in many things that we have, use or eat , like for example every food that we eat have chemical elements like fruits, meats, drinks, ? , chemistry is in our shampoo, our soap, you can learn how soap cleans?, why coffee keeps you awake? , the secret of pressure cooker?, other people can say that chemistry is related with love, or we can say that all plants, humans and animals have a chemical component in the body, blood, bones,?, and that everything is made of matter.

All of these reasons are true but I think that one of the more important reasons is that chemistry is one of the science that the people use to progress, people with the past of the time have used natural elements and their components to create new elements, elements that not only are natural, and those elements have been used to create new things, new invents, to progress everyday like for example polymers.

In conclusion the chemistry definitely is one of the most important science in our daily life.


Manuela Bucce


http://www.education.kerala.gov.in/englishmedium/chemistryeng/cha
pter5.pdf
http://www.silviamar.com/chemistry_everyday.htm

What is in chewing gum?
This article talks about the history of gum and the diffrent chemicals and elements found in gum. The first chewing gum was made of the latex sap, called chicle, in a tree in native Central America. After WWII chemists learned to make synthetic rubber so that replace the natural rubber in gum. Chewing gum not only contains the gum base, but also sweeteners, flavorings and softeners, like vegetable oil, that is used to mix the ingridients and avoid the gum from hardening. Neither natural nor synthetic materials used in gum are digested by humans if swallowed.

http://chemistry.about.com/od/chemistryfaqs/f/chewinggum.htm

Chemistry is present in every aspect of life and is also a big part of the human body. This article talks about the intolerance to lactose when eaten milk or milk products. Lactose, the main carbohydrate of milk, is a big compound that has to be broken before entering the intestinal wall and into the bloodstream, by an enzyme named lactase. The more milk products we consume, the more lactase needed. However, when lactase production breaks down, intolerance begins. Without enough lactase, the lactose is not broken effectively, so actually undergoes fermentation to gases, easily produces gastric distress and diarrhea.

http://www.silviamar.com/Documents/lactose.htm

The Chemistry of Cosmetics

The article I chose talks about hair and chemistry. It describes how dying your hair with different types of products makes it last long or short, depending on their chemical content. For example, temporary dyes often have large, acidic molecules that make the color last only until you wash it. Water makes them break apart so the color doesn't last. Then we have the semi-permanent dyes which contains molecules smaller than the temporary dye. This makes it easier for them to get into the cortex. Even though it gets to the cortex, it still lasts for about 6 washes. Last we have the permanent dyes. These contain hydrogen peroxide which makes it much easier to get into the cortex, adding color to the melanin.

http://educ.queensu.ca/~science/main/concept/chem/c07/c07tpcb1.ht
m

The Human Voice and Helium

We all know that Helium is a gas that makes our voice sound high pitched and squeaky. The reason behind this phenomena is fairly simple. First of all, Helium is an inert gas that most of the time allows itself to be inhaled without any risks, and the most dangerous side effect in can create is asphyxiation. Helium is also much lighter than oxygen, it changes the process with the frequencies found in the resonant track of the human voice because what changes, the timbre, is linked to the speed of sound in gas. In a lighter and thinner gas, the sound waves will travel faster and with a greater wavelength, which means that they will resonate with a higher timbre and pitch. However, the frequency itself is not altered because it is related directly to the vocal folds, and these folds are independent from the gas that is surrounding them.

Bibliography
1. "Why does inhaling helium make one's voice sound strange?." Scientific American. 14 June 2004. 28 July 2009 .

2. "Helium" Wikipedia. 17 July 2009. 28 July 2009 .

Chemistry in medicine.


Medicine is a scinece that has been very influenced by medicine, specially in the twentieth century.
W/ out all the avances in chemistry medicne would have stayed stalk. For example, the use of materials such as plastic, have been used a loit in medicne, in complícate procederes suach as in just basic things some examples are:syringes, contact lenses,
And plastic peacemarkers.
Also lots of pharmaco products.
When talking about avances in in chemistry in medicine, hospitals have the most aboundant things in them,specially in the health topic.

Chemistry in medicine.


Medicine is a scinece that has been very influenced by medicine, specially in the twentieth century.
W/ out all the avances in chemistry medicne would have stayed stalk. For example, the use of materials such as plastic, have been used a loit in medicne, in complícate procederes suach as in just basic things some examples are:syringes, contact lenses,
And plastic peacemarkers.
Also lots of pharmaco products.
When talking about avances in in chemistry in medicine, hospitals have the most aboundant things in them,specially in the health topic.


http://al-quimicos.blogspot.com/2008/03/la-quimica-de-la-medicina
.html